Benin
Nationally determined contribution
Targets
Benin aims to reduce its cumulative greenhouse gas emissions by 32.8% below the reference scenario over the 2026–2035 period, excluding the Forestry and Other Land Use (FOLU) sector. This represents approximately 120.7 MtCO₂e of cumulative emission reductions compared to the reference scenario.
When the FOLU sector is included, expected net cumulative emission reductions reach approximately 590.8 MtCO₂e, equivalent to a 33.8% reduction compared to the reference scenario over 2026–2035.
Under the unconditional scenario, cumulative emission reductions excluding FOLU are estimated at 93.7 MtCO₂e, or 25.5%, over 2026–2035. Including FOLU, unconditional net cumulative reductions are estimated at 463.1 MtCO₂e, or 26.5%, over the same period.
Article 6 engagement
Benin formally intends to use the cooperative approaches under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement to mobilize additional financial and technological resources for the implementation of its conditional climate targets.
The country plans to participate in Article 6.2, including through the transfer of Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes (ITMOs), and in the Article 6.4 mechanism for greenhouse gas mitigation and sustainable development.
Benin has also established the Carbon Project Registration Authority (AEPC) to support the institutional and regulatory framework for carbon projects and the national MRV system.
Mitigation activities
Benin’s NDC 3.0 includes 32 mitigation measures implemented through 180 projects, of which 120 are conditional. The measures cover energy, agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (FOLU), waste, and Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU).
Priority actions include renewable energy and energy efficiency, clean cooking, sustainable agriculture, forest conservation and restoration, improved waste management, and the reduction of emissions from industrial processes and HFCs. The energy sector accounts for 22 measures and 70 projects.
Sectors covered by the NDC
- Energy
- Agriculture
- Forestry and Other Land Use (FOLU)
- Waste
- Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU).
Finance needs
The estimated cost of implementing Benin’s NDC 3.0 is USD 14.49 billion for 2026–2035, including USD 9.94 billion for mitigation and USD 4.55 billion for adaptation.
USD 5.22 billion is expected to cover unconditional actions, while USD 9.27 billion is conditional on international support.
Carbon pricing
Status
No national carbon tax or ETS specified. Carbon market participation is planned through Article 6.2 and Article 6.4
Carbon markets
National entities responsible for carbon markets
Ministry in charge of carbon markets
Ministère du Cadre de Vie et du Développement Durable
Article 6.4 DNA
Martin Pépin Aïna
maina@gouv.bj
Mr. Wilfried Biao Mongazi (Alternate)
mbiaomongazi@gouv.bj
CDM DNA
Martin Pépin Aïna
maina@gouv.bj
Article 6 strategy and regulations
Benin intends to use Article 6.2 and Article 6.4 to support the implementation of its NDC. Its national carbon market framework is based on two decrees adopted on 7 December 2022:
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Decree No. 2022-698, setting out the procedures for the registration of carbon projects in Benin.
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Decree No. 2022-699, establishing the Carbon Project Registration Authority (AEPC) and defining its mandate, organization and operation.
The framework provides for the registration of carbon projects in a national registry. The AEPC is responsible for promoting the carbon market, registering carbon projects and managing the national carbon project registry.
For Article 6, Benin’s NDC 3.0 provides for potential ITMO transfers under Article 6.2 and participation in the Article 6.4 mechanism. Carbon credit transactions under these provisions require prior authorization and the application of corresponding adjustments to avoid double counting.
Benin has also formally submitted its Article 6.4 Host Party participation requirements to the UNFCCC.
National registry
Benin has established a national registry for carbon projects. All existing and future carbon projects in the country are required to be recorded in the registry. The system is intended to support the identification of carbon assets and the quality and traceability of carbon credits generated in Benin.
The registration framework is governed by Decree No. 2022-698 of 7 December 2022, which sets out the procedures for registering carbon projects in Benin. The Carbon Project Registration Authority (AEPC) was established by Decree No. 2022-699 of 7 December 2022.
Pipeline
Article 6
Bilateral agreements
- Norway
Mitigation activities
- Not available
CDM
Data
Voluntary Carbon Market
Download VCM activity portfolioData
As of September 6th, 2024, Benin has 9 projects registered with the VCM, out of which 7 are registered with the GS and 2 are registered with the VCS.
As of September 6th, 2024, NBS projects are the leading VCM activity in issued credits for Benin, with a total of 290.7 kt.
Household projects are the second most prominent VCM activity, with issued credits accounting for 267 kt.
As of September 6th, 2024, Household projects are the only VCM activity in Benin with retired credits, accounting for a total of 42.34 kt.
2021 was the year with the largest volume of retired credits for household projects, with 21.58 kt retired.